You can try it, but I would bet money that you're going to be disappointed and not see nearly the improvement that you expect in actual usage other than those that are purely about sequential transfers, like moving large files between partitions. In gaming, loading applications, browsing, even video/photo editing, it's not going to be even double the performance, let alone quadruple. Even a single SATA SSD is actually like 90% of the performance for stuff like game load times compared to an NVMe drive, in most games. Your CPU and RAM simply can't process data fast enough to need higher storage speeds, and even DirectStorage where the GPU reads right from the drive is fine with a single NVMe drive (and likely doesn't work at all with a RAID array).
If capacity is the main need, just buy 4 drives (or two 8TB drives so you have room for expansion, although the price per TB seems to go up a bit at that size) and use them as separate drive letters. If you use RAID0, you're quadrupling the odds that you're going to have at least one drive fail, which will result in the entire system going down and needing to be restored from backup after you replace the drive, and giving you almost no benefit. And there is simply no way to do it on the board you are are looking at (or have already?) now unless the manual is wrong.
The Z790 could potentially support it in terms of bandwidth, with the right CPU. But it depends on the mainboard and whether you want to neuter your GPU a bit, AND obviously depends on the board's BIOS letting you enable RAID across all the slots. That might also even be a limitation of Intel's Rapid Storage Technology RAID controller itself, for whatever reason.
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The CPU has 4 lanes for a single M.2 slot, and a board could feature an additional M.2 slot (or even two of them) where the x16 lanes used for the GPU are bifurcated so the GPU gets 8 and the other 8 go to NVMe. (Intel calls these "Readiness Lanes" so they can put a trademark on something that's been done for ages.) Those slots could even be Gen5. The x8 DMI 4.0 link to the chipset is the equivalent of PCIe Gen4 x8, so there's enough bandwidth there to have two additional Gen4 M.2 slots, and the chipset has enough PCIe lanes to support them. Those slots would share that DMI bandwidth with other devices like the network controller/Wi-Fi, USB devices, audio, etc., but those are relatively low bandwidth in comparison and for most usage you probably wouldn't notice a problem.
So theoretically you could even have 5 M.2 slots on the board (wickedly expensive), and essentially have enough bandwidth, or you could find a board with no M.2 slots from the chipset and add in a PCIe card for one or two more but then the board has to have slots to support enough lanes, but you would be reducing the potential performance of your GPU significantly. However a card like the 9070 XT apparently doesn't see a big difference going from Gen5 to Gen4, and cutting Gen5 lanes in half would be the same thing. A higher-end GPU that really wants PCIe bandwidth could see a larger reduction in performance.
One other option would be using an x16 RAID controller which doesn't require bifurcation of the PCIe lanes from the CPU or chipset (expensive). You'd have to eliminate your GPU entirely to use that slot, or maybe find a mainboard that lets you put the GPU in a slot coming from the chipset and has enough lanes to that slot (x8 at least) to actually make it performance reasonably well. Not having a GPU would obviously make the whole thing pointless since you're trying to have space for your games, unless the integrated GPU in the processor is enough for the games you are hoarding.
The last option would be buying an extremely high-end board and processor, a Xeon or ThreadRipper, which has massive numbers of PCIe lanes from the CPU which could support the GPU and lots of M.2 slots. Paying 3+ times the total price of the system to get 5% more performance.
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